A pronounced decline in northern vegetation resistance to flash droughts from 2001 to 2022, Zhang et al., Nature Communications:
Here we show that vegetation resistance to flash droughts declines by up to 27% (±5%) over the Northern Hemisphere hotspots during 2001-2022, including eastern Asia, western North America, and northern Europe. The notable decline in vegetation resistance is mainly attributed to increased vapour pressure deficit and temperature, and enhanced vegetation structural sensitivity to water availability. Flash droughts pose higher ecological risks than slowly-developing droughts during the growing seasons, where ecosystem productivity experiences faster decline rates with a shorter response time. Our results underscore the limited ecosystem capacity to resist flash droughts under climate change.
Climate denial and the classroom: a review, Kutney, Geoscience Communication:
Climate change awareness is floundering across the globe despite climate change education being embedded in international treaties to address the climate crisis – the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the UNFCCC) and the subsequent Paris Agreement. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledges forces hostile to climate awareness and education – namely, climate denial sponsored by the energy-industrial complex. Climate change is studied by the physical sciences, but climate denial is the purview of the social sciences; the latter has revealed the why and how of climate denial. Climate-denial organizations (which directly deny aspects of the scientific consensus on climate change) and the related petro-pedagogy groups (which teach that oil is a benefactor to humanity, but say little about the connection of fossil fuels to the climate crisis) have arisen to attempt to interfere with the teaching of the science of climate change in school classrooms. These organizations were found in the United States, Canada, and some European nations (this review is mainly restricted to English-language sources). This review aims to (1) provide an overview of climate denial, promoted and funded by the energy-industrial complex; (2) identify and examine organizations involved in climate denial in schools; (3) summarize the strategies of climate-denial organizations in school classrooms; and (4) put forward recommendations for further research and action.
Most Christian American religious leaders silently believe in climate change, and informing their congregation can help open dialogue, Syropoulos & Sparkman, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences:
Nearly 90% of U.S. Christian religious leaders believe in anthropogenic climate change, with most believing human activity is a major contributor. Yet roughly half have never discussed it with their congregation, and only a quarter have mentioned it more than once or twice. U.S. Christians substantially underestimate the prevalence of their leaders who believe in climate change. Providing the actual consensus level of religious leaders’ belief in climate change reduces congregants’ misperception of religious leaders, increases their perception that other church members believe in and are open to discussing climate change, and leads Christians to believe that taking climate action is consistent with their church’s values while voting for politicians who will not take climate action is not.
Why do Australians prefer some climate migrants over others?, Martínez i Coma & Birch, Environmental Politics:
We investigate attitudes toward climate migration in Australia, exploring support for different climate migrants and the role of environmental attitudes in conditioning this support. After confirming the results of previous studies on other countries – climate migrants fall in the middle of the preference scale over migrant types – we offer novel evidence that individuals attaching greater salience to the environment are more likely to distinguish between different types of climate migrants. We attribute this result to the level of cognitive engagement with climate migration. We address these questions via a representative online survey which embeds a conjoint experiment, combined with 25 interviews with federal and state members of parliament. Overall, Australians, and especially those for whom the environment is salient, prefer migrants coming due to rising sea levels over those migrating due to drought. The analysis of the MP interviews suggests a logic to interpret these preferences.
Climate obstruction at work: Right-wing populism and the German heating law, Haas et al., Energy Research & Social Science:
The intense debates surrounding the so-called heating law (Gebäudeenergiegesetz, GEG) in Germany demonstrate that socio-technical transitions and policies aimed at achieving net zero should be conceptualized as socially contested processes to adequately reflect their societal and political character. We argue that more recent research on sustainable transitions that looks at the role of incumbent actors, and especially the concept of ‘climate obstruction’ is helpful for better understanding the delay of climate policies. Based on this assumption, we analyze the campaign against the law and identify five central discursive strands brought forward to dismantle the law: Expropriation (1), Disenfranchisement (2), Ideological Driven (3), Green Cronyism (4), and Demand to Take Everyone Along (5).
Consecutive extreme heat and flooding events in Argentina highlight the risk of managing increasingly frequent and intense hazards in a warming climate, Zachariah et al., World Weather Attribution
To assess to what extent human-induced climate change altered the likelihood and intensity of the heavy precipitation leading to the severe flooding in Argentina, as well as the extreme heat the authors undertook an attribution study for the extreme rainfall in the most affected region, that coincides with the area where flood warnings were in place. Climate models show that climate change is making such temperatures much more frequent and intense. However, the increase in the models is smaller than in reanalysis products and thus likely underestimating the effect of climate change. Nevertheless, looking at the future, models show a very strong trend that increases with future warming, rendering such an event a common occurrence in a 2.6°C warmer climate compared to pre-industrial. The influence of climate change on the rainfall event is much less clear. While all of the 35 available weather stations in the area show an increase in the intensity of heavy rainfall of between 7-30% associated with global warming of 1.3°C, this is not represented in any of the available gridded reanalysis products which show on average a decreasing trend.
State of the Climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2024, Marengo et al., World Meteorological Organization
The authors provide the status of key climate indicators and information on climate-related impacts and risks. They address specific physical science, socio-economic, and policy-related aspects that are relevant to Latin America and the Caribbean and respond to Members needs in the fields of climate monitoring, climate change, and climate services. For example, the mean temperature in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2024 was +0.90 °C above the 1991–2020 average, making 2024 the warmest or second warmest year on record, depending on the dataset used.
Physical science of climate change, effects
The greater role of Southern Ocean warming compared to Arctic Ocean warming in shifting future tropical rainfall patterns, Park et al., Open Access pdf 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5139656/v1
Observations of climate change, effects
Abrupt sea level rise and Earth’s gradual pole shift reveal permanent hydrological regime changes in the 21st century, Seo et al., Science 10.1126/science.adq6529
Meltwater-Induced Lake Freshening and Muted Warming in Northern China Under Contemporary Global Warming, Jiang et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2024gl112819
Instrumentation & observational methods of climate change, effects
Improved Optimal Fingerprinting Based on Estimating Equations Reaffirms Anthropogenic Effect on Global Warming, Li et al., Journal of Climate 10.1175/jcli-d-24-0193.1
Reconstructing historical climate fields with deep learning, Bochow et al., Science Advances Open Access pdf 10.1126/sciadv.adp0558
The Imminent Data Desert: The Future of Stratospheric Monitoring in a Rapidly Changing World, Salawitch et al., Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 10.1175/bams-d-23-0281.1
Updating the Baseline Period Affects the Detection of Extreme Climate Change in China, Li et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Open Access 10.1029/2024jd042704
Modeling, simulation & projection of climate change, effects
AI-aided simulation of tropical cyclone genesis under climate change, Tong et al., Global and Planetary Change 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104809
Constrained Earth system models show a stronger reduction in future Northern Hemisphere snowmelt water, Chai et al., Nature Climate Change 10.1038/s41558-025-02308-y
The Arctic Beaufort Gyre in CMIP6 Models: Present and Future, Athanase et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Open Access 10.1029/2024jc021873
Advancement of climate & climate effects modeling, simulation & projection
An improved and extended parameterization of the CO2 15 µm cooling in the middle and upper atmosphere (CO2&cool&fort-1.0), López-Puertas et al., Geoscientific Model Development Open Access 10.5194/gmd-17-4401-2024
Contrasting Historical Trends in Equatorial Indian Ocean Zonal Sea Surface Temperature Gradient in CMIP6 Models, Soumya & Gopika, International Journal of Climatology 10.1002/joc.8832
Implementation and Evaluation of Physics-Driven Dynamic Entrainment-Mixing Parameterization in a Climate Model and Its Impact on Low-Cloud Simulation, He et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 10.1029/2024jd041918
Reducing Snow Amount Uncertainty in CMIP6 PanCanadian Climate Projections, Matte et al., Atmosphere Open Access 10.1080/07055900.2025.2478835
Sustainable aviation for a greener future, Xue et al., Communications Earth & Environment Open Access 10.1038/s43247-025-02222-3
The Impact of Underestimated Southern Ocean Freshening on Simulated Historical Sea Surface Temperature Trends, Kaufman et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2024gl112639
Cryosphere & climate change
Multidecadal estimation of hydrological contribution and glacier mass balance in the semi-arid Andes based on physically based modeling and geodetic mass balance, Mejías et al., Frontiers in Earth Science Open Access 10.3389/feart.2025.1517081
Permafrost thawing under overlaying salt water, Wang et al., Science Advances Open Access 10.1126/sciadv.adp2808
Recent observations and glacier modeling point towards near-complete glacier loss in western Austria (Ötztal and Stubai mountain range) if 1.5 °C is not met, Hartl et al., The Cryosphere Open Access 10.5194/tc-19-1431-2025
Sea level & climate change
Impact-Based Thresholds for Investigation of High-Tide Flooding in the United States, Piecuch et al., Open Access 10.22541/essoar.173655370.08188818/v1
Modeling of Caspian Sea Level Change and Feasibility of Sea Water Intake and Outfall Systems Considering Climate Change, Uzun & Otay, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering 10.1007/s40996-025-01815-4
Biology & climate change, related geochemistry
Harpagifer bispinis, but not Patagonotothen tessellata, appears robust to interactive effects of ocean warming and acidification in Southern Patagonia, Giménez et al., Marine Environmental Research 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107123
A pronounced decline in northern vegetation resistance to flash droughts from 2001 to 2022, Zhang et al., Nature Communications Open Access 10.1038/s41467-025-58253-z
A quantitative analysis of the static and dynamic impacts of climate change on community resilience in ecologically fragile areas of China, Wang & Wang, Climate and Development 10.1080/17565529.2025.2483363
Adapting to a shifting planet: The future of Drosera species amidst global challenges and conservation imperatives, Olivares-Pinto et al., Anthropocene 10.1016/j.ancene.2025.100466
Assessing the potential distribution of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira) in the Caatinga under climate change scenarios, da Costa et al., Frontiers in Forests and Global Change Open Access 10.3389/ffgc.2025.1519432
Boreal Tree Growth May Be More Tolerant to Warming Than Previously Considered: Implications for Future Modelling Studies, Wang et al., Global Ecology and Biogeography Open Access 10.1111/geb.70034
Changes in community composition and functional diversity of European bats under climate change, Fialas et al., Conservation Biology Open Access 10.1111/cobi.70025
Climate and biological factors co-regulate the drought resilience of Pinus tabulaeformis, Li et al., Dendrochronologia 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126327
Climate change amplifies neurotoxic methylmercury threat to Asian fish consumers, Wu et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open Access 10.1073/pnas.2421921122
Climate Change and Marine Food Webs: Navigating Structural Uncertainty Using Qualitative Network Analysis With Insights for Salmon Survival, Crozier et al., Global Change Biology Open Access 10.1111/gcb.70143
Climate Impacts on Lake Food-Webs Are Mediated by Biological Invasions, Leclerc et al., Global Change Biology Open Access 10.1111/gcb.70144
Climate warming and nutrient enrichment destabilize plankton network stability over the past century, Yu et al., Communications Earth & Environment Open Access 10.1038/s43247-025-02206-3
Continuing Long-Term Shifts in Larval Fish Phenology in the Southern California Current Ecosystem Are Matched by Rapid Advances in the North, Chen et al., Global Change Biology Open Access 10.1111/gcb.70141
Decadal long sub-lethal temperature increases alter the production of non-structural carbohydrates in Zostera muelleri, Moir et al., Marine Environmental Research 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107124
Divergent Responses of Soil Positive and Negative Priming Effects to Experimental Warming, Ding et al., Global Ecology and Biogeography 10.1111/geb.70028
Effects of Climate Change Scenarios on Population and Distribution Pattern of Tree–Ferns in Nepal, Kunwar et al., Ecology and Evolution Open Access 10.1002/ece3.71179
Exploring climate-related gut microbiome variation in bumble bees: An experimental and observational perspective, Maihoff et al., Ecology Open Access 10.1002/ecy.70066
Global potential for regime shifts among shrubland, grassland, and forest, Qu et al., Global and Planetary Change 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104798
Homogenization of the Observed Surface Relative Humidity From 1959 to 2020 in China, Yin et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 10.1029/2024jd042644
Impact of Marine Heatwaves on Carcinus maenas Crabs: Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Thermal Stress Resilience, Arrigo et al., Marine Environmental Research 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107126
Increases in Arctic Extreme Climatic Events Are Linked to Negative Fitness Effects on the Local Biota, Lemaire et al., Open Access 10.1101/2024.09.26.615176
Intercomparison of Machine Learning Models to Determine the Planetary Boundary Layer Height Over Central Amazonia, Stapleton et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Open Access 10.1029/2024jd042488
Long-term impacts of ocean acidification on the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, Kocaman et al., Marine Environmental Research 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107116
Modeling the effect of climate change on the distribution of plant communities in Zayandeh-Rud basin, Iran, Hadinejad et al., Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 10.1007/s10661-025-13861-6
Nigeria vegetation trend during recent West African monsoon season and the near future implications in CORDEX-Africa, Okoro et al., Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110499
Response of Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica tree-ring density to climatic factors in Northeast China under climate warming background, Wang et al., Frontiers in Forests and Global Change Open Access 10.3389/ffgc.2025.1531983
The impact of ocean acidification on gastropod shell dissolution and microstructure, Li et al., Anthropocene 10.1016/j.ancene.2025.100470
Warming-independent shortened snow cover duration enhances vegetation greening across northern permafrost region, Chen et al., Communications Earth & Environment Open Access 10.1038/s43247-025-02211-6
GHG sources & sinks, flux, related geochemistry
China’s carbon sinks from land-use change underestimated, Zhu et al., Nature Climate Change 10.1038/s41558-025-02296-z
Comparison of model-derived carbon dioxide datasets with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3 (OCO-3) observations, Mustafa & Xu, Atmospheric Research 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108057
Composite model-based estimate of the ocean carbon sink from 1959 to 2022, Terhaar, Biogeosciences Open Access 10.5194/bg-22-1631-2025
Contrasting Exogenous and Endogenous Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiencies Under Global Changes, Sun et al., Global Ecology and Biogeography 10.1111/geb.70027
Dynamics of China’s Forest Carbon Storage: The First 30 m Annual Aboveground Biomass Mapping from 1985 to 2023, Cai et al., Open Access 10.5194/essd-2025-96
Exploring environmental and meteorological factors influencing greenhouse gas emissions on major urbanized cities in Bangladesh, Ali et al., Urban Climate 10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102369
Global distribution, quantification and valuation of the biological carbon pump, Berzaghi et al., Nature Climate Change 10.1038/s41558-025-02295-0
Multi-Model Assessment of Future Hydrogen Soil Deposition and Lifetime Using CMIP6 Data, Brown et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2024gl113653
Peatland microalgae are unsung heroes of climate change mitigation, , Nature Climate Change 10.1038/s41558-025-02272-7
Spatial and temporal variations of gross primary production simulated by land surface model BCC&AVIM2.0, Li et al., Advances in Climate Change Research Open Access 10.1016/j.accre.2023.02.001
Structural shifts in China’s oil and gas CH4 emissions with implications for mitigation efforts, Luo et al., Nature Communications Open Access 10.1038/s41467-025-58237-z
Temporal dynamics and environmental controls of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes measured by the eddy covariance method over a boreal river, Vähä et al., Biogeosciences Open Access 10.5194/bg-22-1651-2025
CO2 capture, sequestration science & engineering
Enhanced Weathering May Benefit From Co-Application With Organic Amendments, Almaraz, AGU Advances Open Access 10.1029/2025av001693
Simulation and Modeling of Convective Mixing of Carbon Dioxide in Geological Formations, De Paoli et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2025gl114804
Decarbonization
Decarbonization of Thai cement industry: a retrospective and prospective decomposition analysis, Hosseinpoor A. et al., Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Open Access 10.1088/2634-4505/adc1ff
Diagenesis is key to unlocking outcrop fracture data suitable for quantitative extrapolation to geothermal targets, Elliott et al., Frontiers in Earth Science Open Access 10.3389/feart.2025.1545052
Escalating wind power shortages during heatwaves, You et al., Communications Earth & Environment Open Access 10.1038/s43247-025-02239-8
Predicting risk to bat species from wind turbine collision in Southeast Asia, Crane et al., Conservation Biology 10.1111/cobi.14452
The impact of photovoltaic plants on dryland vegetation phenology revealed by time-series remote sensing images, Xia et al., Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110505
Geoengineering climate
First Simulations of Feedback Algorithm-Regulated Marine Cloud Brightening, Lee et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2024gl113728
Marine Stratocumulus Clouds With More Coarse Sea Spray Aerosols Are Brighter, Liu et al., Geophysical Research Letters Open Access 10.1029/2024gl113718
The Morphology of the Stratospheric Polar Vortex Under Stratospheric Aerosol Intervention Scenarios, Karami et al., International Journal of Climatology Open Access 10.1002/joc.8838
Climate change communications & cognition
Care-full climate justice organising, Wrigley, Environmental Sociology Open Access 10.1080/23251042.2025.2484479
Climate change distress and impairment among adolescents in Germany, König et al., Frontiers in Climate Open Access pdf 10.3389/fclim.2025.1568676
Climate denial and the classroom: a review, Kutney, Geoscience Communication Open Access 10.5194/gc-8-81-2025
Legitimizing climate action: citizens, experts, and the limits of representative democracy, Fesenfeld et al., Environmental Politics Open Access 10.1080/09644016.2025.2481709
Microplastics in food and drink: Predictors of public risk perceptions and support for plastic-reducing policies based on a climate change framework., Fian et al., Journal of Environmental Psychology 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102583
Most Christian American religious leaders silently believe in climate change, and informing their congregation can help open dialogue, Syropoulos & Sparkman, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open Access 10.1073/pnas.2419705122
The impact of climate change experience on Palestinian university students’ mental health: a cross-sectional study, Ahmead et al., Frontiers in Climate Open Access 10.3389/fclim.2025.1580361
Why do Australians prefer some climate migrants over others?, Martínez i Coma & Birch, Environmental Politics Open Access 10.1080/09644016.2025.2481707
Agronomy, animal husbundry, food production & climate change
Carbon emissions from agricultural land use in China: spatio-temporal dynamics and pathways to neutrality, Shi et al., Frontiers in Environmental Science Open Access 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1455151
Carbon storage and sequestration of five planting patterns of Picea crassifolia plantations in Qilian mountains, Shangguan et al., Frontiers in Earth Science Open Access 10.3389/feart.2025.1560899
Combining automated and manual chambers to provide reliable estimates of N2O emissions in annual and perennial cropping systems, Siddique et al., 10.2139/ssrn.4906936
Farmers’ perceptions on the capacity of extension practitioners on climate change in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, Makamane et al., Frontiers in Climate Open Access 10.3389/fclim.2025.1534254
Mitigating the detrimental effects of climate warming on major staple crop production through adaptive nitrogen management: A meta-analysis, Dang et al., Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110524
Modeling biochar effects on soil organic carbon on croplands in a microbial decomposition model (MIMICS-BC&v1.0), Han et al., Geoscientific Model Development Open Access 10.5194/gmd-17-4871-2024
Soil organic carbon thresholds control fertilizer effects on carbon accrual in croplands worldwide, Ling et al., Nature Communications Open Access 10.1038/s41467-025-57981-6
Tillage intensity reductions when combined with yield increases may slow soil carbon saturation in the central United States, Joshi et al., Scientific Reports Open Access 10.1038/s41598-025-95388-x
Unlocking the green economy in Guyana: Leveraging agro-industrial residues for sustainable energy and carbon mitigation, Ketwaru et al., Energy for Sustainable Development 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101706
Hydrology, hydrometeorology & climate change
Assessing Precipitation Trends Between 1960 and 2021 Using Multiple Trend Indexes in the GOIÁS State and Federal District, Brazil, Battisti et al., International Journal of Climatology 10.1002/joc.8750
Bridging Information From Paleo-Hydrological and Climate Model Ensembles to Assess Long Term Hydrological Drought Hazard, Guo et al., AGU Advances Open Access 10.1029/2024av001393
Changes in Precipitation Patterns in Poland Derived From Projected Downscaled Future Climate Data From CMIP5 and CMIP6, Rutkowska et al., International Journal of Climatology 10.1002/joc.8822
Risk Assessment of Extreme Precipitation in Northwest Iran in the Light of Changing Climate, Fakour et al., International Journal of Climatology Open Access 10.1002/joc.8854
Climate change economics
Climate change governance by central banks in an era of interlocking crises, Best et al., Environmental Politics Open Access 10.1080/09644016.2025.2481713
Sectoral investments to achieve water, energy and land SDG under climate change uncertainty, Vinca et al., Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability Open Access 10.1088/2634-4505/adc0bc
The impact of digital economic growth and financial expansion on CO2 mitigation strategies in leading emitting countries, Chen & Wang, Scientific Reports Open Access 10.1038/s41598-025-86412-1
Climate change mitigation public policy research
Changes in future carbon dioxide emissions and contributing factors in Southeast Asia under the shared socioeconomic pathways, Kim et al., Energy for Sustainable Development 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101721
Climate obstruction at work: Right-wing populism and the German heating law, Haas et al., Energy Research & Social Science Open Access 10.1016/j.erss.2025.104034
Determinants of U.S. residential energy consumption at national and state levels: Policy implications, Korsavi et al., Energy Policy Open Access 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.114594
Empowering climate action through policy analysis and education in Gilgit-Baltistan: a comprehensive mixed method analysis, Fatima et al., Frontiers in Climate Open Access 10.3389/fclim.2025.1527694
Legitimizing climate action: citizens, experts, and the limits of representative democracy, Fesenfeld et al., Environmental Politics Open Access 10.1080/09644016.2025.2481709
Policy implications for offshore renewable energy in Australia: An MSP approach supporting the energy transition, Griffiths et al., Energy Policy Open Access 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.114621
Quantification of selected SDGs in the context of China’s climate mitigation pathway, HE et al., Advances in Climate Change Research Open Access 10.1016/j.accre.2025.03.006
Rethinking the energy transition: Sufficiency and the French strategy, Bourliaguet, Energy Research & Social Science 10.1016/j.erss.2025.104055
The impact of public participatory environmental regulation on carbon emission intensity: a policy text analysis, Wu et al., Frontiers in Environmental Science Open Access 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1534066
Using net-zero carbon debt to track climate overshoot responsibility, Pelz et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open Access 10.1073/pnas.2409316122
Climate change adaptation & adaptation public policy research
Climate Adaptation for a Natural Atoll Island in the Maldives - Predicting the Long-Term Morphological Response of Coral Islands to Sea Level Rise and the Effect of Hazard Mitigation Strategies, Roelvink et al., Earth's Future Open Access 10.1029/2024ef005576
Co-creation of a scalable, climate service tool for the sustainable management of key blue economy sectors in the Spanish Mediterranean coast, de la Vara et al., Frontiers in Climate Open Access 10.3389/fclim.2025.1512707
How is adaptation intention shaped in urban Pakistan? A multigroup gender analysis, Aqib et al., Urban Climate 10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102370
Climate change impacts on human health
Anthropogenic activity and climate change exacerbate the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the environment, Geng et al., Science Advances 10.1126/sciadv.ads4355
From policy to practice: building a resilient, climate aware health system from the ground up, Smith et al., Climatic Change Open Access 10.1007/s10584-025-03914-7
Modeling the Impact of Climate Extremes on Seasonal Influenza Outbreaks Across Tropical and Temperate Locations, Stamper et al., GeoHealth Open Access 10.1029/2024gh001138
Other
Potential for equation discovery with AI in the climate sciences, Huntingford et al., Earth System Dynamics Open Access 10.5194/esd-16-475-2025
Stratospheric residence time and the lifetime of volcanic stratospheric aerosols, Toohey et al., Open Access 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12131
Informed opinion, nudges & major initiatives
Climate change impacts have potentially big repercussions for kids’ education, Sidik, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open Access 10.1073/pnas.2505073122
Coastal investment in the age of climate change, Hsiao, Nature Climate Change 10.1038/s41558-025-02299-w
Editorial: Climate and environmental changes in circum-mediterranean regions, Zhang et al., Frontiers in Earth Science Open Access 10.3389/feart.2025.1594165
Editorial: Evidence-based options and forward-looking approaches for the conservation and management of diverse wet forests in times of rapid climate change, Walentowski et al., Frontiers in Forests and Global Change Open Access 10.3389/ffgc.2025.1592667
Hedging our bet on forest permanence for the economic viability of climate targets, Windisch et al., Nature Communications Open Access 10.1038/s41467-025-57607-x
Book reviews
Journalism and Reporting Synergistic Effects of Climate Change, Riski Nurhartanti et al., Environmental Communication 10.1080/17524032.2025.2483271
Science, Power, and Narrative: The IPCC in Environmental Communication Discourse, Rahmadi et al., Environmental Communication 10.1080/17524032.2025.2486393
Sustainable energy: a myth or reality, , Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series Open Access 10.1007/978-94-024-0846-1_100186
Achieving Zero-Carbon Buildings: Electric, Efficient and Flexible, The Energy Transitions Commission
The authors draw a complete picture of the building sector’s emissions and energy use and describe how a combination of electric, efficient, and flexible solutions can decarbonize buildings, improve standards of living, and reduce energy bills if supported by ambitious policy. The global buildings sector currently contributes a third of greenhouse gas emissions (12.3 GtCO2 in 2022). This comes from the use of fossil fuels for heating, cooling, cooking, lighting, and powering appliances, as well as the construction of residential and commercial buildings. There is not a one-size-fits-all solution for decarbonization, as different solutions work for different building types, countries, and climates, but three key priorities stand out for creating a zero-carbon dioxide emissions buildings sector electrification replacing fossil fuels, dramatically improving energy efficiency, and constructing efficient and low-carbon buildings.
2050 Transmission Study: Offshore Wind Analysis, ISO New England Transmission Planning, ISO New England
The authors examine how New England’s transmission system may be affected by changes to the power grid by investigating how hypothetical injections of offshore wind farms might reliably interconnect to the region.
SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard, Science Based Targets
The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) exists to enable companies and financial institutions worldwide to play their part in combating the climate crisis. The first Corporate Net-Zero Standard was launched in 2021 to provide a consistent definition of science-based net-zero targets for companies. To align with the latest science and emerging best practice and in response to stakeholder feedback, we are revising the Corporate Net-Zero Standard. The overall aim of this major revision is to ensure that this standard continues to enable companies to set and deliver ambitious, science-based targets consistent with achieving net-zero emissions at the global level by 2050. This document serves as the first consultation draft of the SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard Version 2.0. It proposes updates and revisions to the current version of the standard (Version 1.2) and serves as a means to gather input from all stakeholders.
Renewable Capacity Statistics 2025, Prime et al., The International Renewable Energy Agency
The authors present renewable power generation capacity statistics for the past decade (2015-2024). Renewable power generation capacity is measured as the maximum net generating capacity of power plants and other installations that use renewable energy sources to produce electricity. For most countries and technologies, the data reflects the capacity installed and connected at the end of the calendar year. Data has been obtained from various sources, including an IRENA questionnaire, official national statistics, industry association reports, other reports, and news articles.
Investing in Climate for Growth and Development, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and United Nations Development Programme
The 2025 Nationally Determined Contributions cycle is an opportunity to build collaborative approaches around climate, development, and growth priorities, broaden and strengthen ownership of development-enhancing mitigation strategies, and inform effective investment plans and strategies to mobilize public and private sources of finance to deliver action. Well-designed climate policies can deliver stronger economic growth than business-as-usual pathways. Accelerated climate action does not hinder economic growth, it provides economic gains. A low-carbon economy is a more efficient economy. Investing in clean energy and energy efficiency increases productivity and innovation, balancing the economic impact of policy constraints on prices and consumption. Reinvesting carbon revenues can further boost GDP while ensuring a just transition and securing public support for climate policies. Policy uncertainty weakens investment and slows growth. Unclear policies risk delaying private investments and reducing GDP by 0.75% as early as 2030. NDCs provide policy certainty, giving markets the confidence to mobilize resources toward sustainable growth.
Consecutive extreme heat and flooding events in Argentina highlight the risk of managing increasingly frequent and intense hazards in a warming climate, Zachariah et al., World Weather Attribution
To assess to what extent human-induced climate change altered the likelihood and intensity of the heavy precipitation leading to the severe flooding in Argentina, as well as the extreme heat the authors undertook an attribution study for the extreme rainfall in the most affected region, that coincides with the area where flood warnings were in place. Climate models show that climate change is making such temperatures much more frequent and intense. However, the increase in the models is smaller than in reanalysis products and thus likely underestimating the effect of climate change. Nevertheless, looking at the future, models show a very strong trend that increases with future warming, rendering such an event a common occurrence in a 2.6°C warmer climate compared to pre-industrial. The influence of climate change on the rainfall event is much less clear. While all of the 35 available weather stations in the area show an increase in the intensity of heavy rainfall of between 7-30% associated with global warming of 1.3°C, this is not represented in any of the available gridded reanalysis products which show on average a decreasing trend.
Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting, Department of Environmental Conservation, New York State
Collecting data from greenhouse gas emissions sources statewide is critical to ensuring New York State has the most current, accurate, and reliable information available to support the development of strategies to reduce harmful greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution and direct clean energy investments where they are needed most. As part of the State’s ongoing efforts to gather information regarding sources of GHG emissions and implement the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (Climate Act), the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) is establishing a mandatory GHG reporting program as recommended by the Climate Action Council’s Scoping Plan that will inform potential future actions to implement the Climate Act. The Reporting Program would require certain sources of GHG emissions to annually report emissions and related data to DEC.
Volume 2, Status of Tribes and Climate Change Report, Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals
Indigenous peoples’ knowledge systems and self-governance should be recognized as solutions to mitigating the causes and negative impacts of human-induced climate change. Indigenous Knowledge systems offer a profound perspective on sustainability and ethics that are rooted in a deep, relational understanding of lands and communities. These philosophies challenge the dominant ways of thinking by presenting holistic approaches to climate resilience that emphasize reciprocity, respect, and interconnectedness. Indigenous knowledge provides pivotal roots to creating sustainable and equitable paths moving forward.
ETS, Reloaded. Designing Emissions Trading for Net-Zero and Net-Negative Societies, La Hoz Theuer et al., Secretariat of the International Carbon Action Partnership
Jurisdictions can consider several emission trading sysytem (ETS) options, depending on their circumstances and preferences. Although a net-zero emissions design dominates much of the debate on the future of emissions trading, net-positive or net-negative ETSs can be other viable options, depending on the respective jurisdiction and its overall climate policy mix. The authors contribute to jurisdictions’ process of contemplating the role of emissions trading in their trajectory towards net-zero and net-negative emissions. Some jurisdictions, such as the United Kingdom, the European Union (EU), and California, have launched discussions and public consultations on how their respective ETSs could be updated in light of their mid-century net-zero targets, by including carbon dioxide (CO2) removal units (RUs). More jurisdictions are expected to follow suit as they chart their pathways to decarbonization post-2030.
Photovoltaic Modules and Inverters, The Global Electronics Council
On March 5, 2025, GEC released its draft State of Sustainability Research on Photovoltaic Modules and Inverters for a 60-day public comment period. This research identifies the most significant life cycle sustainability impacts, best practices to mitigate the impacts, and provides recommendations for criteria revisions that will maintain the relevance and leadership of the EPEAT ecolabel.
The State of Regional Transmission Planning Policies – Challenges, Progress, and Opportuni;es to Strengthen Best Prac;ces, Diane Moss, Center for Environmental Public Policy, THe Goldman School, the University of California, Berkeley
The author examines the history, challenges, and future opportunities in grid planning, with a particular focus on recent federal and state-level efforts to address gaps in regional transmission planning. She also explores the current state of integrated grid planning at the state level, identifying persistent shortcomings and opportunities for strengthening best practices.
PwC’s Second Annual State of Decarbonization Report, PwC
The authors assess how corporate climate ambitions changed in 2024 compared to previous years, how companies are tracking against their climate targets, and how strategies, initiatives, and governance behaviors are evolving. The research covered over 6,895 companies that submitted the full CDP questionnaire in the 2024 disclosure cycle, focusing on 4,163 public companies within that group. The 2024 reporting window ran from June 4th to October 30th, 2024. The authors show there remains a strong commitment to sustainability as a source of business value. Companies may be talking less about their climate pledges, but most are focused on addressing rising energy demands, protecting value at risk, responding to evolving customer expectations, and designing their operations to secure long-term growth and resilience.
Climate Emotions Toolkit for Educators, Climate Mental health Network
The authors developed the toolkit—an evidence-based, teacher-tested resource designed to help middle school educators navigate climate emotions. The toolkit equips teachers with everything they need to address climate emotions in the classroom. It provides background information, climate literacy resources, and strategies for supporting students’ mental well-being.
State of the Climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2024, Marengo et al., World Meteorological Organization
The authors provide the status of key climate indicators and information on climate-related impacts and risks. They address specific physical science, socio-economic, and policy-related aspects that are relevant to Latin America and the Caribbean and respond to Members needs in the fields of climate monitoring, climate change, and climate services. For example, the mean temperature in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2024 was +0.90 °C above the 1991–2020 average, making 2024 the warmest or second warmest year on record, depending on the dataset used.
SUN DOWN, Destabilizing the Grid via Orchestrated Exploitation of Solar Power Systems, Dashevskyi et al., Forescout Technologies
The authors review known issues and present new vulnerabilities found in three leading solar power system manufacturers: Sungrow, Growatt, and SMA. They also discuss realistic attack scenarios that could be executed on a power grid, leading to emergency measures or potential blackouts. Finally, they provide recommended risk mitigation actions for owners of smart inverters, utilities, device manufacturers, and regulators.
Climate Change in Japan 2025, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and the Japanese Meteorological Agency
Projected climatic conditions for areas in and around Japan for the end of the 21st century relative to the end of the 20th century or present include an annual surface temperature rise of approximately 1.4/4.5?; sea surface temperature rise of approximately 1.13/3.45?; sea level rise along the coast of Japan of approximately 0.40/0.68; and intensified typhoon precipitation.
Voters Want Their Government to Address the Property Insurance Crisis, Brian Burton and Grace Adcox, Data for Progress and the Insurance Fairness Project
Building on past national research, the authors surveyed 1,203 likely voters to understand their awareness and views of the national insurance crisis, as well as their attitudes about how to resolve current challenges in the industry, like home insurance rates rising and providers exiting some state insurance markets. On the subject of property insurance, 71% of voters say they have read or heard at least a little (50% have heard “a little,” while 21% have heard “a lot”) about recent changes impacting the property insurance industry in the U.S. A strong majority of voters are also concerned about future increases in the price of property insurance, with 78% of voters saying they are somewhat or very concerned. Concerns are consistent across partisanship and are higher among voters who report personally being impacted or knowing someone personally impacted by extreme weather (85%).
The authors provide an overview of the 112 projects in Google’s water stewardship portfolio as of the end of 2024. This report incorporates information from partners. Many of these projects are in progress and project details and descriptions may change as activities are underway.
Status of Renewable Energy, Distributed Generation, and Legacy Net Metering in Michigan, Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, Michigan Public Service Commission
The authors summarize renewable energy activities related to the Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS). In addition to increasing the RPS, voluntary green purchasing (VGP) programs offered by the utilities continue to attract significant customer interest, more than doubling from fewer than 40,000 customers enrolled in 2020 to more than 100,000 participating today.
Federal Clean Energy Tax Credits Make Energy More Affordable – A Meta-Analysis, Energy Innovation Policy and Technology
The authors found that repeal of the §45Y and §48E technology-neutral electricity tax credits would raise the nation’s household energy bills by around $6 billion annually in the next five years and $25 billion annually by 2040. This amounts to $40-$60 per household in 2030 and $140-$220 annually per household in 2024. In some states, the effects are particularly stark. Repeal of the credits would increase household energy costs by more than $400 a year in Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, New York, Iowa, and Kansas, for example. This comes at a time when electricity bills for American homes and businesses have been shooting up– costs increased 22 percent from 2018 to 2023 and could rise another 7 percent this year.
Climate, Peace and Security Fact Sheet: South Sudan, Tarif et al., Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
This Climate, Peace and Security Fact Sheet is focused on South Sudan and the series of conflict- and climate-related issues that face the country. The fact sheet offers a range of recommended actions for the international community to address these issues effectively. South Sudan is one of the least peaceful countries in the world and one of the most vulnerable to climate change. Rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns have led to both drought and flooding, impacting river flows and the groundwater availability and water quality for a population highly reliant on agriculture and pastoralism. Decades of violent conflict have also eroded the population’s coping capacities. Weak governance and the lack of infrastructure further undermine the capacity of state and social institutions to adapt to climate change. Beyond the existing tensions between armed groups in South Sudan, the spillover effects of the war in Sudan are exacerbating a complex and persistent humanitarian crisis.
Extreme Weather Affects Sharply More in Western U.S, Jeffery Jones, Gallup
Thirty-seven percent of U.S. adults say they have been personally affected by an extreme weather event in the area where they live within the past two years, compared with 33% in Gallup’s prior measures in 2022 and 2023. Sharply more Americans living in the West have recently experienced an extreme weather event — 43%, up from 30% in 2023. In contrast, fewer Eastern residents say they have been affected by extreme weather than did so two years ago, 21% versus 30%. There have been modest increases among those living in the South — the region where people are most likely to say they experience extreme weather — and the Midwest.
Assessment of Potential Impacts of Fires at BESS Facilities, Fire & Risk Alliance, The American Clean Power Association
The authors analyze historical battery energy storage system (BESS) fire incidents and their causes, review the types of contaminants released, the extent of environmental impacts, and how advancements in safety regulations and technology have mitigated risks. Modern standards and designs have significantly improved fire safety and minimized environmental risks. Continuous advancements in technology and adherence to best practices ensure BESS remains a reliable and safe option.
Young People, Democracy and Climate Action, Cristina Bacalso, European Union--Council of Europe Youth Partnership
The symposium gathered 120 participants based in 30 Council of Europe member states, with a total of 34 nationalities, including young people, policymakers, youth workers, and youth researchers. The event provided the European youth sector an opportunity to discuss and engage with how youth research, youth policy and youth work can adapt and respond to the changing context of youth climate action and the state of democracy. Over the three days, the symposium participants first mapped the existing ways young people engage with the climate crisis, then explored what had been done so far by different actors (policy, practice, and research) and, finally, looked ahead at the competencies, capacities, and policies needed to move forward. The event was structured around five thematic areas including young people’s mental health and well-being in the context of the climate crisis and eco-anxiety; local climate activism of young people; the global dimension of engaging with the climate crisis; the emergence of climate litigation; and multiple insecurities and intersectionality, and their relation to the climate crisis
We know it's frustrating that many articles we cite here are not free to read. One-off paid access fees are generally astronomically priced, suitable for such as "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" but not as a gamble on unknowns. With a median world income of US$ 9,373, for most of us US$ 42 is significant money to wager on an article's relevance and importance.
Most articles appearing here are found via RSS feeds from journal publishers, filtered by search terms to produce raw output for assessment of relevance.
Relevant articles are then queried against the Unpaywall database, to identify open access articles and expose useful metadata for articles appearing in the database.
The objective of New Research isn't to cast a tinge on scientific results, to color readers' impressions. Hence candidate articles are assessed via two metrics only:
A few journals offer public access to "preprint" versions of articles for which the review process is not yet complete. For some key journals this all the mention we'll see in RSS feeds, so we include such items in New Research. These are flagged as "preprint."
The section "Informed opinion, nudges & major initiatives" includes some items that are not scientific research per se but fall instead into the category of "perspectives," observations of implications of research findings, areas needing attention, etc.
Please let us know if you're aware of an article you think may be of interest for Skeptical Science research news, or if we've missed something that may be important. Send your input to Skeptical Science via our contact form.
A list of journals we cover may be found here. We welcome pointers to omissions, new journals etc.
The previous edition of Skeptical Science New Research may be found here.
Posted by Doug Bostrom on Thursday, 3 April, 2025
 |
The Skeptical Science website by Skeptical Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. |